Draft:Shi'a views on face-veiling
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Comment: Still contains self published material, see WP:SYNTH. Also, see WP:V and WP:RS. Ktkvtsh (talk) 01:07, 7 December 2025 (UTC)
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According to the majority of jurists in Shia Islam, face-veiling is either a religious obligation or recommendation, though there is some disagreement in regards to minority opinion.[1] Those Muslim women who wear the niqab, do so in places where they may encounter Ghayr Mahrams (non-relatives), or in places where there is Ikhtilat (free-mixing).
Muslims however still tend to have a broad array of opinions on this and many other issues;[2] though veiling is generally considered to be positive, being regarded as a desirable form of modesty, and as an aid in the avoidance of adultery and fornication.[3]
Fatwas
[edit]| # | Image | Marja' | Fatwa | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
Ali al-Sistani | Discouraged, contextually[4] | "It is not obligatory. However, if wearing it arouses disapproval by and dislike of the general public in a particular country, it would be classified as a “garb of renown” in that country and it would not be permissible to wear it over there." |
| 2 | 
|
Ruhollah Khomeini | Not obligatory | "It is permissible for a woman to let her clothes hang so that it may reach from her head to her face up to her nose, in order to hide it from strangers."[5]
"There is neither any expiation for covering the face, nor for absence of distance between the cloth and her face." |
| 3 | 
|
Muhammad Ridha Golpaygani | Obligatory[6] | "Women must also cover their face and hands from non-Mahram men."
"In all instances the face and hands must be covered from non-Mahram men, whether they have any beautification on them or not." |
| 4 | 
|
Mohammad Fazel Lankarani | Precautionary Obligation | "According to precautionary Obligation, women must cover a bit more of their face and hands than that which is normally covered."[7] |
| 5 | 
|
Mohammad Ali Araki | Precautionary Obligation | "According to precautionary Obligation, women must cover a bit more of their face and hands than that which is normally covered."[7] |
| 6 | Jawad Tabrizi | Highly Recommended[6] | "It is better for a woman to cover her face from non-Mahram men."
"A woman should cover her face and hands from a non-Mahram, even if there is no beautification on them." | |
| 7 | .jpg)
|
Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei | Obligatory[8] | "It is obligatory for her to hide her face and the hands, even from Mahrams if they may look at her with pleasure."
"It is obligatory for her to hide her face and palms from non-Mahrams at all times and in all conditions." |
| 8 | Bashir Hussain Najafi | Obligatory[9] | "All of the body, including the face and the hands, must be covered with a veil that does not show the skin of the body or its design." | |
| 9 | Muhammad Saeed al-Hakim | Recommended[10] | "It is not obligatory to cover the face and the hands, [but] it is preferred to do so as it is a form of chastity." | |
| 10 | 
|
Mohammad Jamil Hammoud al-Amili | Obligatory[11] | "We have not been unique in the fatwa that a woman should cover her face, hands and feet." |
| 11 | 
|
Abd al-A'la al-Sabziwari | Precautionary Obligation[11] | "The apparent meaning covers [face and hands] and the intent is that non-covering of the face and hands exposes people to sensual pleasure and conflict, even if [only] later, by recollection of what was seen earlier, one takes pleasure in it."[12]
"As a precautionary obligation, it is required to cover the face, hands, and feet before non-maḥram men."[13] |
| 12 | Muhammad al-Fayadh | Recommended | "It is obligatory on a woman to cover and conceal all parts of her body and hair except from her face and palms from everyone except her husband or her close relationship (mahram). Yet as a precaution, she should also cover her face and palms."[14] | |
| 13 | .jpg)
|
Sadiq al-Shirazi | Recommended[15] | "It is not obligatory for her if she is not adorned or a source of attraction, but it is recommended for her [nonetheless]."
"If [the face] contains beauty, or anything that calls for corruption, then it is forbidden to reveal it to non-mahrams." "Answer It is better for society, especially for the woman herself, to cover her in full, in accordance with the tradition of Fatima Al-Zahra." "Covering one's face, even if it is not obligatory in itself, is considered one of the virtues of a Muslim woman." |
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ "Questions about Niqab". al-islam.org. Retrieved 2025-11-02.
- ^ sufyan (2011-04-04). "The Lawful Nature of Niqab (Face Veiling)". SeekersGuidance. Retrieved 2025-11-02.
- ^ "Chapter 4: Hijab (Veiling)". al-islam.org. 2013-02-04. Retrieved 2025-11-02.
- ^ "WWW.SISTANI.ORG : Works". www.sistani.org. Archived from the original on 2010-01-19. Retrieved 2025-10-30.
- ^ Tahrir al-Wasilah (PDF). Chapter 12, Problem 35. p. 465.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ a b "Rules Related To Covering". al-islam.org. 2021-10-23. Retrieved 2025-10-29.
- ^ a b "Rules Related To Covering". al-islam.org. 2021-10-23. Retrieved 2025-10-30.
- ^ al-Khoei, Abulqasim. Masa'il. Mas'alah 1232 & 1233. p. 9038.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "The Central Office of His Eminence Grand Ayatollah Bashir Husayn al-Najafi". www.alnajafy.com. Retrieved 2025-10-29.
- ^ "Office of Grand Ayatollah Sayyid M.S.Al-Hakeem". www.alhakeem.com. Retrieved 2025-10-29.
- ^ a b "مركز العترة الطاهرة للدراسات والبحوث / المشهور أفتوا بوجوب تغطية الوجه والكفين والقدمين عن الناظر الأجنبي". www.aletra.org. Retrieved 2025-10-30.
- ^ "مهذب الاحکام فی بیان حلال و الحرام - السبزواري، السيد عبد الأعلى - کتابخانه مدرسه فقاهت". lib.eshia.ir (in Persian). Retrieved 2025-10-30.
- ^ Muhadhdhab al-Ahkām. Vol. 5. pp. 230–238.
- ^ al-Fayadh, Muhammad Ishaq. A selection of Islamic Laws (PDF). p. 93.
- ^ "الرسالة والاستفتاءات". alshirazi.org. Retrieved 2025-10-30.