Black conservatism in the United States
 | This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
| Part of a series on |
| Conservatism in the United States |
|---|
 |
| Part of a series on |
| African Americans |
|---|
Black conservatism in the United States is a political and social movement rooted in African-American communities that aligns largely with the American conservative movement and is part of black conservatism around the world. [1] It is often associated with the Christian right (per 2007 data).[2] Black conservatism emphasizes social conservatism, traditionalism, patriotism, capitalism, and free markets.[not verified in body] What characterizes a 'black conservative' has changed over time,[according to whom?] and proponents do not necessarily share the same political philosophy.[citation needed]
During the Reconstruction era, many black voters supported the Republican Party.[3] Booker T. Washington had a more conservative approach to politics in the United States while W. E. B. DuBois called for more radical change.[4] Some African Americans supported Democrat Woodrow Wilson's first presidential campaign and were betrayed by his policies once in office.[5] Under Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration, during his first two terms, civil rights legislation was not passed, however, New Deal programs led to the black vote becoming more split.[6] In 1960, the Kennedy-Johnson campaign promoted civil rights as a central issue and during their administration, they passed anti-discrimination legislation, gaining the black vote. Since then, the Democratic Party has held a majority of the black votes in America,[7] although Pew Research Center polling has found that the percentage of African-Americans who identify as Democratic has declined in recent years, from 75% during Barack Obama's presidency to 67% in 2020. A 2017 sample size of 10,245 voters concluded that just 8% of African-Americans identify as Republican.[8]
Influential black Republicans in the early 21st century who have held public office include U.S. Senator Tim Scott,[9] U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas,[10] Virginia Lt. Gov. Winsome Sears,[11] and Cabinet secretaries Ben Carson,[12] Condoleezza Rice,[13] and Colin Powell.[14] Political commentators Candace Owens, Thomas Sowell, Shelby Steele, Armstrong Williams, Larry Elder, Walter Williams, and Jason L. Riley are influential figures in black conservatism.
Overview
[edit]
Elections
[edit]Alan Keyes became the first African-American candidate to run in the Republican presidential primaries in 1996, but he did not win any state's primary or caucus. Keyes ran for president again in 2000[15] and in 2008.
"Tea Party" Republican Herman Cain staged a run for the presidency in 2012. He received a brief surge of attention and popularity but withdrew before any primaries were held.[16]
Neurosurgeon Ben Carson ran for the Republican nomination in the 2016 election. He polled well for a time in late 2015, but withdrew after the first Super Tuesday.[17] Carson received 857,039 votes during the Republican primaries; this total represented 2.75% of the votes cast. He was supported by seven delegates at the Republican National Convention.[18]
Black Republicans, Herschel Walker lost the 2022 United States Senate election in Georgia, Daniel Cameron lost the 2023 Kentucky gubernatorial election, Mark Robinson lost the 2024 North Carolina gubernatorial election and Winsome Earle-Sears lost in the 2025 Virginia gubernatorial election.
Beliefs
[edit]One of the main characteristics of black conservatism is its emphasis on personal choice and responsibilities above socioeconomic status and institutional racism.[19][20] Black conservatives typically support do-for-self, self reliance, and personal responsibility. Black conservatives tend to be self-critical of aspects of African-American culture that they believe have created poverty and dependency.[21] John McWhorter's 2000 book Losing the Race: Self-Sabotage in Black America and Bill Cosby's 2004 "Pound Cake speech" exemplified this critique, though their authors did not strictly come from the Black conservative movement.[citation needed]
A 2007 Pew Research Center survey showed that 19% of Black Americans identified as Religious Right.[2] In 2004, though, the Pew Research Center indicated only 7% of Black Americans identified as Republican.[22]
A National Election Pool poll showed that support for California Proposition 8 (2008) (a state constitutional amendment defining marriage as an opposite-sex union) was strong among African-American voters; 70% of those interviewed in the exit poll—a higher percentage than any other racial group—stated that they voted in favor of Proposition 8.[23] Polls by both the Associated Press and CNN mirrored this data, reporting support among Black voters to be at 70%[24] and 75%,[25] respectively. African-American support was considered crucial to the Proposition's passage because African Americans made up an unusually large percentage of voters in 2008; the presence of African-American presidential candidate Barack Obama on the ballot was believed to have increased African-American voter turnout.[26]
Historical basis
[edit]From Reconstruction up until the New Deal, the black population tended to vote Republican.[27] During that period, the Republican Party—particularly in the Southern United States—was seen as more racially progressive than the Democratic Party, primarily because of the role of the Southern wing of the Democratic Party as the party of racial segregation and the Republican Party's roots in the abolitionist movement (see Dixiecrats).[citation needed]
Blacks started to shift in significant numbers to the Democrats with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt[28] and continued with the election of John F. Kennedy. Among Truman Administration officials, the publication of Henry Lee Moon's Balance of Power spurred Democratic partisan support for African-American constituencies.[29] This shift was also influenced by Herbert Hoover's practice of firing loyal African-Americans from positions within the Republican Party, in order to increase his appeal to Southern white voters.[30] This can be considered an early example of a set of Republican Party methods that were later termed the Southern Strategy.[31][better source needed]
African-American conservative politicians
[edit] | This section needs additional citations for verification. (August 2025) |
This is a list of African-American conservative politicians, as determined, largely, by Wikipedia original research.
Alabama
[edit]- Wallace Gilberry – U.S. House candidate (2024) and Cincinnati Bengals football player[32]
- Kenneth Paschal – Alabama State Representative (2021–present)[33]
- Juan Chastang – Mobile County Commissioner (2005–2008)[34]
Alaska
[edit]- David S. Wilson – Alaska State Senator (2017–2025)[35]
- Stanley Wright – Alaska State Assemblyman (2023–2025)[36]
- Sharon Jackson – Alaska State Assemblywoman (2018–2021)[37]
- Walt Furnace – Alaska State Assemblyman (1983–1991)[citation needed]
- Selwyn Carrol – Alaska State Assemblyman (1973–1975)[38]
Arizona
[edit]- David Marshall – Arizona State Representative (2023–present)[39]
- Jerone Davison – U.S. House candidate (2022 & 2024) and Oakland Raiders football player[40]
- Walter Blackman – Arizona State Representative (2019–2023; 2025–present) and U.S. House candidate (2022)[41]
Arkansas
[edit]- Joseph K. Wood – Chairman of the Arkansas Republican Party (2023–present)[42]
California
[edit]- Kevin Lincoln – Mayor of Stockton (2021-2025 and U.S. House candidate (2024 & 2026)[43]
- Larry Elder – Governor of California nominee (2021) and candidate for President (2024)[44]
- Rosey Grier – Governor of California candidate (2018) and New York Giants football player[45]
- Damon Dunn – California Secretary of State nominee (2010) and Dallas Cowboys football player[46]
- H. Abram Wilson – Mayor of San Ramon (2002–2007)[47]
- Ward Connerly – University of California Regent (1993–2005)[48]
Colorado
[edit]- Joe Rogers – Lieutenant Governor of Colorado (1999-2003)[49]
Connecticut
[edit]- Lynne Patton – Director of Minority Outreach (2025-present)[50]
- George Logan – Connecticut State Senator (2017–2021) and U.S. House nominee (2022 & 2024)[51]
- Aundre Bumgardner – Connecticut State Representative (2015–2017)[52]
Delaware
[edit]- Donald Blakey – Delaware State Representative (2007–2015)
District of Columbia
[edit]- Mary Elizabeth Taylor – Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs (2018-2020)[53]
- Arthur Fletcher – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1990-1993)[54]
- Jerry A. Moore Jr. – Member of the Washington DC City Council (1975-1985)
Florida
[edit]- Harrison Fields – White House Principal Deputy Press Secretary (2025)[55]
- Renatha Francis – Justice of the Supreme Court of Florida (2022–present)[56]
- Corey Simon – Florida State Senator (2022–present) and Indianapolis Colts football player[57]
- Berny Jacques – Florida State Representative (2022–present)[58]
- Kiyan Michael – Florida State Representative (2022–present)[59]
- Joseph Ladapo - Surgeon General of Florida (2021-present)[60]
- Webster Barnaby – Florida State Representative (2020–present)[61]
- Mike Hill – Florida State Representative (2019–2021 and 2013–2017)[62]
- Jennifer Carroll – Lieutenant Governor of Florida (2011-2013)[63]
- Gerard Robinson – Virginia Secretary of Education (2010-2011) and Education Commissioner of Florida (2011-2012)[64]
- Peter Boulware – Florida House of Representatives nominee (2008) and Baltimore Ravens football player[65]
- William B. Allen – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1988-1989)[66]
Georgia
[edit]- Mesha Mainor – Georgia State Representative (2021–2025; elected as a Democrat, switched to Republican in July 2023)[67]
- Herschel Walker – U.S. Senate nominee (2022) and Dallas Cowboys football player[68]
- Larry Rivers – Commissioner of Chatham County (2021–2023) and Harlem Globetrotters basketballer[69]
- Fitz Johnson – Member of the Georgia Public Service Commission (2021-present)
- Angela Stanton-King – Author and nominee for Georgia's 5th congressional district (2020)
- Melvin Everson – Georgia State Representative (2005–2011)
- Willie Talton – Georgia State Representative (2005–2015)
- Harold Melton – Associate Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court (2005–2018) and Chief Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court (2018–2021)
- Vernon Jones – Georgia State Representative (1993–2001 and 2017–2021; previously a Democrat, switched to Republican in January 2021)
Hawaii
[edit]- Kenji Price – United States Attorney for the District of Hawaii (2018–2021)
Illinois
[edit]- Lisa Holder White – Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court (2022-present)
- Kiron Skinner – Director of Policy Planning (2018-2019)
- Richard Irvin – Mayor of Aurora (2017–2025)
- Erika Harold – Illinois Attorney General nominee (2018), U.S. House candidate (2012/2014) and Miss America (2003)
- John D. Anthony – Illinois State Representative (2013–2016)
- Archibald Carey Jr. – Alderman of the Chicago City Council (1947-1955)
- Adelbert H. Roberts – Illinois State Representative (1918-1920) and Illinois State Senator (1924-1934)
- Louis B. Anderson – Alderman of the Chicago City Council (1917-1933)
- John W. E. Thomas – Member of the Illinois House of Representatives (1877-1879, 1883-1886)
Indiana
[edit]- Curtis Hill – Attorney General of Indiana (2017-2021)
- Dwayne Sawyer – State Auditor (2013)
- Roger Brown – Indianapolis City Councilor (1993–1997) and Indiana Pacers basketball player
- Ray Crowe – Indiana State Representative (1966–1975)
- Robert Brokenburr – Member of the Indiana Senate (1940-1960)
- James Sidney Hinton – Member of the Indiana House of Representatives (1881-1882)
Iowa
[edit]- Eddie Andrews – Iowa State Representative (2021–present)
Kansas
[edit]- Patrick Penn – Kansas State Representative (2021–2025)
- Tony Barton – Kansas State Representative (2015–2017)
- Willie Dove – Kansas State Representative (2013–2021)
- George W. Haley – Kansas State Senator (1964–1968)[70]
- Edwin Sexton – Kansas State Senator (1964–1965)
Kentucky
[edit]- Donald Douglas – Kentucky State Senator (2021–present)
- Daniel Cameron – Attorney General of Kentucky (2019-2024)
- Jenean Hampton – Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky (2015-2019)
- Clarence M. Pendleton Jr. – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1981-1988)
Louisiana
[edit]- Donald Washington – Director of the United States Marshals Service (2017-2021)
- Elbert Guillory – Louisiana State Senator (2009–2015) and Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana candidate (2015 and 2023)
- Ezola Foster – Reform Party Vice Presidential candidate of Pat Buchanan in the 2000 race against Al Gore and George W. Bush
- Caesar Antoine – Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana (1873-1877)
- P.B.S. Pinchback – Governor of Louisiana (1872-1873)
- Oscar Dunn – Governor of Louisiana (1871)
Maryland
[edit]- LaToya Nkongolo – Maryland State Delegate (2025–present)
- Olivia Trusty – Member of the Federal Communications Commission (2025-present)
- Brenda J. Thiam – Maryland State Delegate (2020–2023)
- Kimberly Klacik – U.S. House nominee (2020) and (2024)
- Boyd Rutherford – Lieutenant Governor of Maryland (2015-2023)
- Naomi Earp – Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2006-2009)
- Michael Steele – Chairman of the Republican National Committee (2009-2011) and Lieutenant Governor of Maryland (2003-2007)
- Aris T. Allen – Maryland State Delegate (1991 and 1967–1974), Lieutenant Governor nominee (1978) and State Senator (1979–1982)
Massachusetts
[edit]- Marcus Vaughn – Massachusetts State Representative (2023–present)
- Frank Cousins – Massachusetts State Representative (1993–1996) and Essex County Sheriff (1996–2018)
- Althea Garrison – Massachusetts State Representative (1993–1995) and Boston City Councilor (2019–20)
- Edward Brooke – U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (1967-1979)
Michigan
[edit]- Kristina Karamo – Chair of the Michigan Republican Party (2023-2024) and 2022 nominee for Attorney General[71]
- John Gibbs – Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development for Community Planning and Development (2020-2021) and nominee for MI-3 (2022)[72]
- Kurtis T. Wilder – Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (2017–2018)[73]
- James Craig – Chief of the Detroit Police Department (2013–2021) and Gubernatorial candidate (2022)[74]
- Paul H. Scott – Michigan State Representative (2009–2011)
- Larry DeShazor – Michigan State Representative (2009–2011)
- Bill Hardiman – Michigan State Senator (2003–2011), Mayor of Kentwood, Michigan (1992–2002) and U.S. House candidate (2010)
- Robert P. Young Jr. – Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (1999–2017) and Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (2011–2017)[75]
- Keith Butler – Detroit Councilman (1989–1993) and U.S. Senate candidate (2006)
- William Lucas – Wayne County Sheriff (1969–1982) and Governor of Michigan nominee (1986)
- Charles Roxborough – Michigan State Senator (1931-1932)
Minnesota
[edit]- Royce White – U.S. Senate nominee (2024) and Sacramento Kings basketball player
- Walter Hudson – Minnesota State Representative (2023–present)
- Lisa Demuth – Minnesota State Representative (2019–present) and Speaker of the Minnesota House of Representatives (2025–present)
- Jean Harris – Virginia Secretary of Human Resources (1978-1982) and Mayor of Eden Prairie, Minnesota (1995-2001)
- Ray Pleasant – Minnesota State Representative (1973–1981)
Mississippi
[edit]- Rodney Hall – Mississippi State Representative (2024–present)
- Angela McGlowan – Miss District of Columbia USA (1994) and U.S. House candidate (2010)
- Nic Lott – chairman for the Mississippi Young Republicans
- Yvonne Brown – Mayor of Tchula, Mississippi (2001–2009) and U.S. House nominee (2006)
- Charles Evers – Mayor of Fayette, Mississippi (1969–1981 and 1985–1989)
- Perry Wilbon Howard II – Republican National Committeeman from Mississippi (1924–1960)
- Mary Booze – Republican National Committeewoman from Mississippi (1924–1955)
- Alexander Kelso Davis – Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi (1871-1876)
Missouri
[edit]- Justin Hicks – Missouri State Representative (2023–2025)
- Shamed Dogan – Missouri State Representative (2015–2023)
- Neal E. Boyd – 2008 Winner of America's Got Talent and nominee/candidate for the Missouri House of Representatives (2012/2014)
- Sherman Parker – Missouri State Representative (2002–2008)
- Carson Ross – Missouri State Representative (1989–2002) and Mayor of Blue Springs, Missouri (2008–2022)
Nebraska
[edit]- Dinah Abrahamson – Nebraska State Central Committeewoman (2005–2013)
Nevada
[edit]- Niger Innis – Director of Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and U.S. House candidate (2014)
- Maurice Washington – Nevada State Senator (1994–2010)
- Lynette Boggs – Miss Oregon (1989), Las Vegas City Council (1999–2004), Clark County Commission (2004–2006) and U.S. House nominee (2002)
New Hampshire
[edit]- Jim Lawrence – New Hampshire State Representative (2004–2010) and U.S. House nominee (2016)
- Henry Richardson – New Hampshire State Representative (1975-1979)
New Jersey
[edit]- Antwan McClellan – New Jersey State Assemblyman (2020–present)
- Garry Cobb – U.S. House nominee (2014) and Dallas Cowboys football player
- Bruce Harris – Mayor of Chatham Borough, New Jersey (2012–2019) and member of the New Jersey State Planning Commission (2020–present)[76]
- DeForest Soaries – Secretary of State of New Jersey (1999-2002)
- Martin G. Barnes – Mayor of Paterson, New Jersey (1997–2002)
- Thomas S. Smith – New Jersey State Assemblyman (1992–2002)
- Jim Usry – Mayor of Atlantic City, New Jersey (1984–1990)
- Matthew G. Carter – Mayor of Montclair, New Jersey (1968–1972)[77]
- E. Frederic Morrow – Administrative Officer for Special Projects (1955-1961)
New Mexico
[edit]- Anthony Thornton – New Mexico State Senator (2024–present)
- Conrad James – New Mexico State Representative (2010–2012 and 2014–2016)
- Jane Powdrell-Culbert – New Mexico State Representative (2002–2022)
New York
[edit]- Mazi Melesa Pilip– Member of the Nassau County Legislature (2022–present) and U.S. House nominee in 2024
- Joe Pinion – United States Senate nominee 2022
- Keith Wofford – Attorney General of New York nominee (2018)
- Michel Faulkner – U.S. House nominee (2010) and New York Jets football player
- Gerald A. Reynolds – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (2004-2011)
- Rubén Díaz Sr. – Member of the New York State Senate (2003-2017) and member of the New York City Council (2002-2003, 2018-2021)
- Roy Innis – Chairman of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and a board member of the National Rifle Association of America.[78][79]
- Rudy Washington – Deputy Mayor of New York City for Community Development and Business Services (1996-2001)
- Myrtle Whitmore – Commissioner of the New York City Housing Authority (1996–1999)
- Richard E. Jackson – Commissioner of Motor Vehicles (1995–2000)
- Joseph Holland – Commissioner of Communities and Urban Renewal (1995–1997)
- James Garner – Mayor of Hempstead (1988–2005) and U.S. House nominee (2004)
North Carolina
[edit]- Brian Echevarria – North Carolina State Representative (2025–present)
- Ken Fontenot – North Carolina State Representative (2023–2025)
- Mark Robinson – Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina (2021-2025) and nominee for governor in 2024
- Rodney Hood – Chairman of the National Credit Union Administration (2019-2021) and Comptroller of the Currency (2025)
- Thomas Stith III – Governor of North Carolina Pat McCrory's Chief of Staff (2013–2016)
- Dr. Ada Fisher – NC Republican National Committeewoman (2008-2020) and U.S. House nominee (2006 and 2008)
Ohio
[edit]- Peter Kirsanow – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (2025-present)
- Josh Williams – Ohio State Representative (2023–present)
- Michele Reynolds – Ohio State Senator (2023–present)
- Ja'Ron Smith – Deputy Director of the Office of American Innovation (2019-2020)
- Jennette Bradley – Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (2003-2005)
- Ken Blackwell – Secretary of State of Ohio (1999-2007)
- Janet C. Howard – Ohio State Senator (1995–1998)
- Robert C. Henry– Mayor of Springfield, Ohio (1966–1968)
Oklahoma
[edit]- Erick Harris – Oklahoma State Representative (2024–present)
- Marlon Coleman – Mayor of Muskogee (2020–2024)
- T. W. Shannon – Oklahoma State Representative (2007–2015) and Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives (2013–2014)
- Russell Perry – Oklahoma Secretary of Commerce (1999-2000)
Oregon
[edit]- Jackie Winters – Oregon State Senator (2002–2019)
Pennsylvania
[edit]- Harry Lewis Jr. – Pennsylvania State Representative (2014–2018)
- Lynn Swann – Governor of Pennsylvania Nominee (2006) and Pittsburgh Steelers football player[80]
- Renee Amoore – Pennsylvania's Republican State Committeewoman (1992–2000)
- William H. Brown III – Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (1969-1973)
South Carolina
[edit]- Harriet Holman – South Carolina State Representative (2024–present)
- Mike Reichenbach – South Carolina State Senator (2022–present)
- Mark Burns – Pastor and candidate for U.S. House (2018, 2022, & 2024)
- Samuel Rivers Jr. – South Carolina State Representative (2012–2018)
- Richard Howell Gleaves – Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina (1872-1876)
- Robert B. Elliott – U.S. Representative from South Carolina's 3rd congressional district (1871-1874)
- Alonzo Ransier – Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina (1870-1872)
South Dakota
[edit]- Tamara Grove – South Dakota State Senator (2025-present)
- Tony Randolph – South Dakota State Representative (2019-present)
Tennessee
[edit]- Carol Swain – Candidate for Mayor of Nashville in 2019
- Francis Guess – Member of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1983-1989)[81]
Texas
[edit]- Stefani Carter – Texas State Representative (2011–2015)
- Charles Cunningham – Texas State Representative (2023–present)
- Wallace Jefferson – Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2001–2004) and Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2004–2013)
- Eric Johnson – Mayor of Dallas (2019–present; elected as a Democrat, switched to Republican in 2023)
- Katrina Pierson – Texas state representative (2025–present)
- Clay Smothers – Texas State Representative (1977–1981; elected as a Democrat, switched to Republican in 1979)
- Shawn Thierry – Texas State Representative (2017–2025; elected as a Democrat, switched to Republican in August 2024)
- Scott Turner – Texas State Representative (2013–2017) and Denver Broncos football player
- Dale Wainwright – Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2003–2012)
- James White – Texas State Representative (2011–2023)
- Michael L. Williams – Commissioner of the Texas Education Agency (2012–2015), Chairman of the Texas Railroad Commission (1999–2011) and U.S. House candidate (2012)
U.S. Virgin Islands
[edit]- Ronald Pickard – Former Olympian and candidate for U.S. Delegate (2024)
- Kenneth Mapp – Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (2015-2019)
- Roy Schneider – Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (1995-1999)
- Melvin H. Evans – Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (1971-1975) and Delegate to the U.S. House (1979-1981)
Utah
[edit]- Alvin B. Jackson – Utah State Senator (2013–2016)
- James Evans – Utah State Senator (2002–2004) and Chairman of the Utah Republican Party (2013–2017)
Vermont
[edit]- Randy Brock – Vermont State Senator (2009–2013, 2017–present) and Vermont Auditor of Accounts (2005–2007)
Virginia
[edit]- A.C Cordoza – Virginia State Delegate (2022–present)
- Winsome Earle-Sears – Lieutenant Governor of Virginia (2022–present), nominee for Governor in 2025
- Kay Coles James – Secretary of the Commonwealth of Virginia (2022-2023)
- E. W. Jackson – Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Nominee (2013)
- Paul Clinton Harris – Virginia State Delegate (1998–2002)
- Noel C. Taylor – Mayor of Roanoke, Virginia (1975–1992)[82]
Washington
[edit]- Michael Ross – Washington State Representative (1971–1973)[83]
- Charles Stokes – Washington State Representative (1951–1959)[84]
West Virginia
[edit]- Caleb Hanna – West Virginia State Delegate (2018–2024)
- Jill Upson – West Virginia State Delegate (2014–2018)
Wisconsin
[edit]- Julian Bradley – Wisconsin State Senate (2021–present)
- David Clarke – Sheriff of Milwaukee County (2002-2017)
Wyoming
[edit]- Lynn Hutchings – Wyoming State Representative (2012–2014) and Wyoming State Senator (2018–present)
Other people
[edit]United States judges
[edit]- Angela Tucker[citation needed] – Texas District Court Judge (2012–present)
- Ada E. Brown – United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas
- Bill Lewis – Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama (2025-present)
- Clarence Thomas – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1991–present)
- David W. Williams – Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California (1969–2000)
- George C. Hanks Jr. – Justice on the Texas state First Court of Appeals (2010–2015) and Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas (2015–present)
- Janice Rogers Brown – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California (1996–2005) and U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (2005–2017)
- Jerome Holmes – United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
- Kevin A. Ross – Judge of the Los Angeles County Superior Court (1996–2005) and Judge on America's Court with Judge Ross (2010–present)
- Lavenski Smith – Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (2002-present)
- Lisa Holder White – Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court (since 2022), Judge of the Illinois Fourth District Appellate Court (2013-2022), Trial Judge Illinois Sixth Judicial Circuit Court (2001-2013)
- Lynn Toler[citation needed] – Arbitrator on the court series Divorce Court (2001–present)[85]
- Robert Heberton Terrell – Judge to the District of Columbia Municipal Court (1901–1924)
- Sara J. Harper[citation needed] – Ohio Court of Appeals (1990–2003)
TV personalities, authors and journalists
[edit]_(cropped).jpg)
- Amy Holmes – News anchor and political contributor on CNN[86]
- Armond White – Film critic for National Review and Out Magazine
- Armstrong Williams – Author of Beyond Blame and TV host of On Point[87]
- Ben Kinchlow – Evangelist, television and radio personality
- Bo Snerdley – Radio host
- Brandon Tatum – Former police officer, commentator and professional speaker.
- Candace Owens – Writer and commentator
- Carol M. Swain – Television personality and professor of political science and law at Vanderbilt University
- Charles Payne – Fox News and Fox Business journalist
- CJ Pearson – Journalist
- C.L. Bryant – TV host
- Deneen Borelli – Author, columnist, and Fox News contributor
- Diamond and Silk (Lynnette Hardaway and Rochelle Richardson) – Live-stream video bloggers, political activists and Newsmax TV hosts
- Eboni K. Williams – Attorney and radio and TV personality
- George Schuyler – Journalist
- Philippa Schuyler[citation needed] – Pianist, author, journalist
- Hallie Quinn Brown[citation needed] – Author
- Harris Faulkner – Television host for Fox News
- James Golden – Producer for The Rush Limbaugh Show (under the alias "Bo Snerdley")
- Reverend Jesse Lee Peterson – President of the Brotherhood Organization of a New Destiny[88]
- Jason Riley – Journalist
- Jason Whitlock – Sports Journalist, radio personality, commentator and writer.
- Joe Pinion – Political commentator and nominee for U.S. Senate in New York (2022)
- Katrina Pierson – Tea Party activist, communications consultant and a regular CNN contributor
- Kathy Barnette – Policy commentator and former political candidate
- Larry Elder – Author of 10 Things You Can't Say in America and radio host[89]
- Lawrence Dennis – Mixed-race, diplomat, consultant, author
- Lawrence B. Jones – Radio host, contributor to Fox News, and author
- Lenny McAllister – Author of Diary of a Mad Black PYC (Proud Young Conservative) and radio talk-show host from WVON-AM Chicago[90]
- Leo Terrell – civil rights attorney, talk radio host
- Lester Holt – News anchor at NBC News, a registered Republican since 2003[91]
- Michael King[citation needed] – Emmy Award-winning television producer
- Michelle Bernard – Journalist
- Nannie Helen Burroughs
- Paris Dennard – Commentator on CNN and NPR, and the Senior Director of Strategic Communications for the Thurgood Marshall College Fund
- Raynard Jackson – Columnist and TV political analyst
- Sage Steele – Television anchor
- Shelby Steele – Author
- Samantha Marika – Political commentator
- Anton Daniels – YouTube personality[92]
- Tommy Sotomayor – Radio and internet talk show host, YouTube personality, men's rights activist and film producer[93]
- Tony Brown – Journalist and host of Tony Brown's Journal
- Tyrus (wrestler) – Professional wrestler, actor and Fox News commentator
- Zora Neale Hurston – Author, anthropologist and filmmaker
Military
[edit]- General Counsel of the Department of Defense Earl Matthews (2025-present)
- Lieutenant Colonel Frances Rice – Chairwoman of the National Black Republican Association
- Major General Mary J. Kight – Adjutant General of California (2010–2011)[94][95][96]
- Lieutenant General Russel L. Honoré[97]
Columnists
[edit]- Deroy Murdock – National Review columnist
- Ken Hamblin – Denver Post columnist
- Jason L. Riley — The Wall Street Journal
- Robert A. George – Columnist for the New York Post
- Sophia A. Nelson – Chair of PoliticalIntersection.com and politicalintersection.blogspot.com
- Star Parker – President of the Coalition on Urban Renewal and Education, columnist and author
- Stephen L. Carter – Christianity Today columnist, author of The Culture of Disbelief
Athletes and entertainers
[edit]- Anthony Watson – is an American-born skeleton racer who competed on behalf of Jamaica in the 2018 Winter Olympics, becoming the first athlete to represent the Caribbean nation in the winter sport.
- Bryan Clay[citation needed] – Washington Times
- Bryson Gray – is an American rapper, known for his work in the Christian hip hop and political hip hop genres.
- David Tyree – NFL Football player
- Don King – Boxing promoter
- Ernie Banks – MLB baseball player[98]
- Greg Anthony – NBA basketball player
- Herschel Walker – NFL football player
- Isaiah Washington – Actor
- James Brown – Musician. Openly endorsed Richard Nixon at the 1972 presidential election and named Strom Thurmond as one of his heroes during a 1999 interview with Rolling Stone.[99][100]
- Jimmie Walker – Actor
- Johnny Mathis[citation needed] – Singer
- Jonathan Isaac – NBA basketball player
- Joseph C. Phillips – Actor[101]
- Joy Villa – Singer. Promoted and supported Donald Trump's presidency in 2017.[102]
- Kanye West – Rapper and record producer. Endorsed Donald Trump subsequently to the 2016 presidential election. Met President Trump in the Oval Office on 11 October 2018. Independent candidate for President of the United States in 2020 and 2024.
- Karl Malone – Olympic Gold medallist and basketball player[103]
- Kevin and Keith Hodge – Prominent YouTube commentators, comedians and trainers
- Lawrence Taylor – NFL Football player
- Lionel Hampton – Musician, delegate to several Republican National Conventions, vice-president of the New York State Republican Committee.
- Mattie Montgomery – singer and pastor
- Mike Jones – WWF wrestler
- Mike Tyson – professional boxer
- Nolan Carroll – NFL Football player and son of Jennifer Carroll, Lieutenant Governor of Florida
- Ottis Anderson – NFL Football player
- Pearl Bailey – Actress and singer
- Ronnie Lott – NFL Football player
- Rosey Grier – Former football player, actor, singer, Protestant minister, he addressed the 1984 Republican National Convention and endorsed Ronald Reagan for reelection.
- Stacey Dash – Actress
- Thurman Thomas – NFL Football player[104]
- Tommy Vext – singer
- Tony Dungy – NFL Football player and coach
- Topher (rapper) – is an independent American rapper, songwriter and conservative commentator.
- Wilt Chamberlain – NBA Basketball player
- Kevin Holland – is an American professional mixed martial artist.
- Fivio Foreign – is an American rapper.
- Jon Jones – is an American professional mixed martial artist.
- Max Griffin - is an American professional mixed martial artist.
Education and business
[edit]- Alveda King – Niece of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and senior fellow at the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution
- Arthur Fletcher[citation needed] – Academic
- Booker T. Washington – Educator, author, orator, and adviser to several presidents of the United States
- Chris Darden – Attorney
- Eugene Rivers – Activist and minister
- George Washington Carver[citation needed] – Agricultural scientist and inventor who promoted alternative crops to cotton and methods to prevent soil depletion
- Glenn Loury – Academic, economist, and podcast host
- Herman Cain – Former CEO of Godfather's Pizza, talk show host, and one-time presidential candidate
- Jessie De Priest[citation needed] – Music teacher, wife of Congressman Oscar Stanton De Priest. Her presence at a White House tea given by Lou Henry Hoover on June 12, 1929, caused a scandal among southern Democrats
- Joshua I. Smith – Businessman
- Marvin Scott[citation needed] – Academic
- Michael Powell – Former Republican member of the Federal Communications Commission, current president National Cable and Telecommunications Association.
- Dr. Mildred Fay Jefferson – First African American to graduate from Harvard Medical School
- Samuel B. Fuller – Businessman
- Stephen N. Lackey – Businessman
- Thomas Sowell – American economist, social theorist, and senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution.
- Vern S. Williams – Member of the National Mathematics Advisory Panel
- Walter Edward Williams – American economist, commentator, and academic
- Robert Oscar Lopez – Academic - mixed Latino and African ancestry
- Eunice Carter – Attorney. First African-American assistant district attorney in New York state. She was noted for her role in the prosecution of gangster Charles "Lucky" Luciano.
- Robert Reed Church – Real estate investor and banker, he was a delegate for William McKinley at the 1900 Republican National Convention.
- Robert Church Jr – Businessman and Republican Party organizer in Memphis, Tennessee
- Mary Church Terrell – One of the first African-American women to receive a college degree, she was a journalist and educator. She was an active Republican, campaigning for Warren G. Harding in 1920.
- Angel Joy Chavis Rocker – Guidance counselor. She became the first African-American woman to seek the Republican nomination for President of the United States in 2000.
- William Nickerson Jr. – Businessman and founder of Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company, in 1944, he was candidate for presidential elector from California on the Republican Dewey-Bricker ticket.
- William Madison McDonald – Banker, state chairman of the Texas Republican Party (1897 - 1898).
Civil rights, abolitionists and activists
[edit]- Ali Alexander – Social media personality and activist
- Archibald Grimke[citation needed] – Civil rights activist
- Ayaan Hirsi Ali – Political activist
- Bayard Rustin – Civil rights activist
- Darrell C. Scott – Pastor and activist
- Eddie Long – Pastor of the New Birth Missionary Baptist Church and activist
- Eldridge Cleaver – Leader of the Black Panther Party who later became a Republican
- Enrique Tarrio – Political activist
- Ezola Foster – Teacher, writer, political activist, and unsuccessful candidate for public office on the Republican and Reform Party tickets
- Georgia Benton – African-American member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy
- James David Manning – Pastor, ATLAH World Missionary Church, activist
- James Meredith – Civil rights campaigner, who served as domestic adviser to Jesse Helms
- James Weldon Johnson – Activist, served as treasurer of Colored Republican Club
- Julian Acciard- Podcastor, political strategist, NH gubernatorial candidate, author
- Lemuel Haynes – Clergyman
- Michael the Black Man – activist
- Manning Johnson – Former Communist who became an anti-communist activist
- Maj Toure – activist and rapper, founder of Black Guns Matter
- H. K. Edgerton – African-American neoconfederate activist
- Nelson W. Winbush – is an educator, who is notable as one of a handful of African-American members of the Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV)
- Mattie Clyburn Rice – was an African-American member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy
- Robert Woodson – Civil rights activist
- Roscoe Simmons – Orator, journalist, political activist, he was part of the "Old Guard" of Black Republicans in Tennessee
- Scipio Africanus Jones[citation needed] – Activist
- Stephen Broden – Pastor and Constitution Party nominee for President (2024)
- T. R. M. Howard – Founder of Regional Council of Negro Leadership and surgeon
- Tony Evans – Evangelical pastor and speaker
- Voddie Baucham – Pastor, author, and educator
Organizations
[edit]- Congress of Racial Equality
- American Civil Rights Institute
- Project 21
- Coalition on Urban Renewal and Education
- National Black Republican Association
- Blexit
- Lincoln League
- Negro Republican Party
- Readjuster Party
- Black-and-tan faction
- Union League
See also
[edit]
- African-American leftism
- Conservative Democrat
- Hip Hop Republican
- African Americans in the United States Congress
- List of minority governors and lieutenant governors in the United States
- Hispanic and Latino Conservatism in the United States
- The Colored Patriots of the American Revolution
- Asian American and Pacific Islands American conservatism in the United States
- Black Lies, White Lies
- Uncle Tom (film)
- List of African-American Republicans
- Black-owned businesses
- Black church
- Ethnocultural politics in the United States
References
[edit]- ^ Diamond, Sara (1996). Facing the Wrath: Confronting the Right in Dangerous Times. Common Courage Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-1-56751-078-2.
Christian Right activists allied with black conservatives to make their causes appear more mainstream across racial and class lines. In this vein, the Family Research Council (the lobbying affiliate of Focus on the Family) recently named as vice-president Kay Cole James, a black anti-abortion activist.
- ^ a b Pew Forum: Many Americans Uneasy with Mix of Religion and Politics Archived September 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Myers, Tyler (2011). African-American Trailblazers: The Sociopolitical Factors of Success (Honors thesis). University of South Florida. Paper 31.
- ^ https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/debate-w-e-b-du-bois-and-booker-t-washington/
- ^ https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/01/chicago-defender/422583/
- ^ Huckfeldt, Robert (1989). Race and the Decline of Class in American Politics. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0252016009.
- ^ Tate, Katherine (1994). From Protests to Politics: The New Black Voters in American Elections. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. pp. 1–238. ISBN 9780674325401.
- ^ "1. Trends in party affiliation among demographic groups". Pew Research Center - U.S. Politics & Policy. 2018-03-20. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
- ^ "What Tim Scott's 2024 Campaign Could Mean for Black Republicans (Published 2023)". 2023-05-21. Retrieved 2025-11-16.
- ^ "Lexington: The school of very hard knocks". The Economist. 2007-10-04. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- ^ "'I Look Like the Strategy': Winsome Sears Wants Black Voters to Rethink the G.O.P. (Published 2021)". 2021-12-27. Retrieved 2025-11-16.
- ^ Coates, Ta-Nehisi (2013-04-04). "The Conservative Black Hope". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2025-11-16.
- ^ Alexander-Floyd, Nikol-G (2021). Re-Imagining Black Women: A Critique of Post-Feminist and Post-Racial Melodrama in Culture and Politics. NYU Press. pp. 27–58. ISBN 9781479820139.
- ^ Tensley, Brandon (2021-10-19). "Analysis: Colin Powell was a longtime Republican. But he often criticized the party's race problem | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved 2025-11-16.
- ^ George, Robert (March 3, 2000). "A MAN WITH A MESSAGE – ALAN KEYES: THE REPUBLICAN LONG SHOT WHO'S WINNING DEBATES". New York Post. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ Murphy, Patricia (3 December 2011). "Herman Cain Exclusive Interview: He Talks About Why He Dropped Out, Plans". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ Schuppe, Jon (March 2, 2016). "Ben Carson Withdraws From GOP Debate, Sees No 'Path Forward'". NBC News. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ "Republican Convention 2016". www.thegreenpapers.com.
- ^ Wright Rigueur, Leah (15 February 2015). "The Forgotten History of Black Republicans". The Daily Beast. New York City. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
- ^ For an overview of these themes, see Stan Faryna, Brad Stetson, and Joseph G. Conti, Eds., Black and Right: The Bold New Voice of Black Conservatives in America, (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1997)
- ^ Brian Greenberg; Linda S. Watts; Richard A. Greenwald; Gordon Reavley; Alice L. George; Scott Beekman; Cecelia Bucki; Mark Ciabattari; John C. Stoner; Troy D. Paino; Laurie Mercier; Andrew Hunt; Peter C. Holloran; Nancy Cohen (2008). Social History of the United States [10 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 360. ISBN 978-1-59884-128-2.
- ^ Part 1: Party Affiliation: The 2004 Political Landscape Archived April 11, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Exit Poll Shows Black and Hispanic Americans Overwhelmingly Backed Prop. 8". KTVU. November 5, 2008. Archived from the original on September 17, 2012. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
- ^ "70% of African Americans backed Prop. 8, exit poll finds". Latimesblogs.latimes.com. 2008-11-05. Retrieved 2013-11-01.
- ^ "Local Exit Polls – Election Center 2008 – Elections & Politics from". CNN.com. Retrieved 2013-11-01.
- ^ Morain, Dan; Garrison, Jessica (2008-11-06). "Focused beyond marriage". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2013-11-01.
- ^ "For Black Republicans, A Dramatic Shift | UW College of Arts & Sciences". artsci.washington.edu. Retrieved 2025-11-16.
- ^ "American President: Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The American Franchine". Millercenter.org. Archived from the original on 2010-11-27. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- ^ Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth (2016). These United States: A Nation in the Making, 1890-Present (First ed.). New York: W.W. Norton & Co. p. 24. ISBN 9780393283075.
- ^ Dawson, Michael C. (1995). Behind the Mule: Race and Class in African-American Politics. Princeton University Press. p. 102. ISBN 0691025436.
herbert hoover fired black republicans.
- ^ "How the party of Lincoln won over the once democratic south". History.com. September 3, 2021.
- ^ Taylor | 11.29.23, Caleb. "Former University of Alabama, NFL defensive end Wallace Gilberry on…". 1819 News. Retrieved 2023-12-31.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Moseley, Brandon (2021-07-12). "Kenneth Paschal in HD73 special election on Tuesday". Alabama Political Reporter. Retrieved 2022-07-25.
- ^ "chastang". Mobile Bay Times. Retrieved 2022-07-25.
- ^ Klint, Chris (3 May 2017). "Alaska Dispatch News reporter says he was slapped by Wasilla lawmaker". KTOO (FM). Juneau, Alaska. Retrieved 21 November 2025.
- ^ Stremple, Claire (4 October 2024). "Wright and Eischeid face off again in a close state House race to represent East Anchorage district". Alaska Beacon. Retrieved 21 November 2025.
- ^ "Sharon Jackson For Alaska". Sharon Jackson For House (24). Archived from the original on 2023-01-04. Retrieved 2022-07-25.
- ^ Chronicle, Augusta (29 December 2010). "Selwyn George Carrol". Bluffton Today. Retrieved 21 November 2025.
- ^ Reagan, Kevin (June 10, 2025). "Republicans challenging fellow Republicans for control over Arizona's utilities". 12News. Retrieved 22 November 2025.
- ^ Fung, Katherine (July 6, 2022). "Black Republican Says He Needs AR-15 to Fight Off 'Democrats in Klan Hoods'". Newsweek. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
- ^ Johnson, Taylor (October 28, 2025). "ARIZONA REP WALT BLACKMAN SOUNDS ALARM ON SNAP CRISIS AMID SHUTDOWN, URGES GOVERNOR AND SENATORS TO TAKE ACTION!". Hoodline. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
- ^ Albarado, Sonny (March 14, 2025). "Former Democratic state senator and current state GOP chair appointed to Black History Commission". Arkansas Advocate. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
- ^ Martinez, Jeremiah (November 6, 2025). "Kevin Lincoln launches Congressional campaign for District 13". ABC10. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
- ^ Swanson, Justin (April 20, 2023). "Larry Elder, Republican Who Lost in California's Recall Election, Runs for President". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 November 2025.
- ^ Calfas, Jennifer (January 5, 2017). "Former Los Angeles Rams star: I'm running for California governor". The Hill. Retrieved 25 November 2025.
- ^ Mehta, Seema (April 13, 2010). "Activist who challenges Obama's citizenship is booted from Tax Day Tea Party". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 27 November 2025.
- ^ "Contra Costa Republican Party | Candidates | Abram Wilson". Archived from the original on 2009-06-15. Retrieved 2009-09-15.
- ^ Wilayto, Phil (2000-09-07). "Ward Connerly & the American Civil Rights Institute". MediaTransparency. Archived from the original on 2009-02-12. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
- ^ Williams, Angela (October 11, 2013). "Former Lt. Gov. Joe Rogers passes on". Colorado Politics. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
- ^ Alcindor, Yamiche (February 27, 2017). "Black Trump employee at Cohen hearing pushes back on Dems who say she was a 'prop'". PBS. Retrieved 3 December 2025.
- ^ Booker, Brakkton (October 21, 2022). "The Republican betting on a red wave in Connecticut". Politico. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
- ^ "20-year-old Latino wins election as CT state representative". 19 November 2014. Archived from the original on 25 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ^ LeBlanc, Paul (June 19, 2020). "Washington Post: One of the highest ranking Black women in Trump's administration resigns over his response to nationwide demonstrations". CNN. Retrieved 29 November 2025.
- ^ "Civil Rights Official Joins G.O.P. Field for 1996". 9 July 1995. Retrieved 21 Sep 2023.
- ^ Thompson, Alex (August 20, 2025). "Scoop: Trump's principal deputy press secretary heads to K Street". Axios. Retrieved 30 November 2025.
- ^ Kam, Dara (August 8, 2022). "Conservative Palm Beach County circuit court judge picked for Florida Supreme Court". WLRN. Retrieved 29 November 2025.
- ^ Crowder, Valerie (November 8, 2022). "Republican Corey Simon defeats Sen. Ausley in SD3 race". WFSU News. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
- ^ Vecerina, Michelle (November 18, 2025). "Rep. Berny Jacques urges closing employment loopholes to combat illegal immigration". Florida News. Retrieved 1 December 2025.
- ^ Gancarski, A. G. (2021-11-16). "'Angel Mom' Kiyan Michael launches state House run in Jacksonville". Florida Politics. Retrieved 2022-12-07.
- ^ Epstein, Kayla (September 4, 2025). "The Florida surgeon general who likens vaccine mandates to slavery". BBC. Retrieved 2 December 2025.
- ^ Girard, Owen (March 1, 2024). "Barnaby scathes notion Black Republicans are 'ashamed' of their race: 'I know who I am'". Florida Voice. Retrieved 2 December 2025.
- ^ Mitchell, Tia (January 1, 2017). "Legislators divided by party look to Black Caucus to find common ground". The Florida Times-Union. Retrieved 2 December 2025.
- ^ Sharockman, Aaron (September 3, 2010). "Jennifer Carroll could make history if elected lieutenant governor". PolitiFact. Retrieved 3 December 2025.
- ^ "Choice Education Chiefs". Wall Street Journal. January 20, 2010. Retrieved 5 December 2025.
- ^ "Peter Boulware". Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
- ^ Hebel, Sara (August 13, 1999). "Virginia's higher education chief bows out after thirteen tumultuous months". American Council of Trustees and Alumni. Retrieved 3 December 2025.
- ^ Amy, Jeff (July 11, 2023). "Georgia Democrat Mesha Mainor, at odds with her party, switches to Republicans". AP News. Retrieved 5 December 2025.
- ^ Kruse, Michael (December 3, 2021). "The Origins of Herschel Walker's Complicated Views on Race". Politico. Retrieved 5 December 2025.
- ^ "Basketball legend Larry 'Gator' Rivers, longtime Globetrotter, has died at 73". NPR. May 1, 2023. Retrieved 5 December 2025.
- ^ Hancock, Peter (May 14, 2015). "George Haley, one of first African Americans in Kansas Senate, dies". Lawrence Journal-World.
- ^ Orner, Ben (February 18, 2023). "Kristina Karamo, ultra-conservative election denier, is new Michigan GOP chair". MLive. Retrieved December 6, 2025.
- ^ Schuster, Simon (February 13, 2025). "The rise and fall of John Gibbs in West Michigan: How conservatives purged an ideological peer". MLive. Retrieved December 6, 2025.
- ^ "Detroit-area prosecutor Worthy backs Wilder for top court". Associated Press. October 30, 2018. Retrieved December 6, 2025.
- ^ Corey, Sam; Vincent, Robyn (June 18, 2025). "The Metro: Ex-chief Craig returns to Detroit politics with outsider bid for mayor". WDET-FM. Retrieved December 6, 2025.
- ^ White, Ed (March 29, 2017). "Robert Young Jr is resigning from Michigan Supreme Court". Associated Press. Retrieved December 6, 2025.
- ^ "Former Chatham Borough Mayor Bruce Harris Named as New Member of State Planning Commission". Chatham TapInto. February 27, 2020. Archived from the original on March 27, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-12-02.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "'Ricochet' Goes Behind Scenes of Gun Lobby". National Public Radio. 2007-11-15. Archived from the original on June 29, 2009. Retrieved 2007-11-15.
- ^ "Roy Innis re-elected to NRA Board", NRAwinningteam.com. Archived October 13, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Fletcher, Michael A. (2006-08-17). "Lynn Swann, Happy to Be on the President's Team". washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- ^ Garrison, Joey (July 24, 2015). "Nashville business leader Francis Guess dies at 69". The Tennessean. Retrieved August 22, 2015.
- ^ "Black History Month Salutes: Noel C. Taylor". ABC13 News. 10 February 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2025.
- ^ Bridgeman, Diane (2000). Sam Smith: an Oral History. Olympia, Washington: Washington Secretary of State. p. 114.
- ^ Beers, Carole (28 November 1996). "Judge Charles Stokes, 93, Dies". The Settle Times. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
- ^ "Judge Lynn Toler: Yes, I'm Republican". 24 September 2012.
- ^ "CNN TV - Anchors/Reporters:Amy Holmes". CNN International. Retrieved 2021-09-14.
- ^ , National Association [1][dead link]
- ^ "April 11, 2005". The Nation. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- ^ "Larry Elder – Conservative Columnist and Political Commentator 2003 Column Archive". Townhall.com. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- ^ "WVON 1690 AM – The Talk of Chicago | Weekday Line-up". Wvon.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- ^ Folkenflik, David (20 September 2016). "Trump Calls NBC News Anchor And Fellow GOP'er Lester Holt A Democrat". NPR.
- ^ "MAGA Anton Debates With A Black Liberal/Independent Veteran". YouTube.com. November 16, 2022. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ Sotomayor, Tommy (6 August 2015). "How Democrats & White Liberals Are Destroying The Black American People!". Archived from the original on 2015-08-07 – via YouTube.
- ^ "Brigadier General Mary J. Kight". Archived from the original on 2009-07-29. Retrieved 2012-12-23.
- ^ "Governor Schwarzenegger Appoints Brigadier General Mary J. Kight Adjutant General of the California National Guard". Archived from the original on 2015-05-30. Retrieved 2012-12-23.
- ^ Rothfeld, Michael (2010-02-01). "Mary J. Kight continues to be a trailblazer". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ General Russell Honore To Run Vs David Vitter In Louisiana US Race? Archived 2009-09-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Did you know Ernie Banks was a Republican? Archived 2015-02-02 at the Wayback Machine. American Spectator. Retrieved February 1, 2015.
- ^ Pareles, Jon (December 25, 2006). "James Brown, the 'Godfather of Soul', Dies at 73". The New York Times. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
- ^ Hulse, Carl & Loughlin, Sean (December 20, 1999), "Graham, Clinton agree to agree", Lakeland Ledger, p. A14
- ^ "Minnesota Public Radio". Minnesota Public Radio. 2006-06-13. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- ^ Romaine, Jenna (2017-02-12). "Joy Villa Unveils Donald Trump 'Make America Great Again' Dress on the Grammy Red Carpet". Billboard.com. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
- ^ "NEWSMEAT ▷ Karl Malone's Federal Campaign Contribution Report". Newsmeat.com. Archived from the original on 2011-06-22. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
- ^ Benjamin, Elizabeth (2010-09-16). NFLer: Carl's no racist Archived 2013-12-24 at the Wayback Machine. Capitol Tonight. Retrieved 2010-09-16.
Further reading and listening
[edit]- Blain, Charles J., Black Churches Can't Stand Strong If They Keep Democrats as Their Platform (2017)
- Conti, Joseph G & Brad Stetson, Challenging the Civil Rights Establishment: Profiles of a New Black Vanguard (1993)
- Eisenstadt, Peter, ed. Black Conservatism: Essays in Intellectual and Political History (1999)
- Farina, Stan, Brad Stetson & Joseph G. Conti, eds. Black and Right: The Bold New Voice of Black Conservatives in America (1997)
- Lewis, Angela K., "Black conservatism in America," Journal of African American Studies, Vol 8, Issue 4, pp. 3–13 (2005)
- Ondaatje, Michael, Black Conservative Intellectuals in Modern America (2010)
- Murray, Mark. "GOP diversity aims at a crucial Democratic bloc." NBC News. April 25, 2006.
- "The New Black Republicans." WBUR, Boston's NPR. June 2, 2004.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Black conservatism in the United States.
- Alliance of Black Republicans
- African American Republican Leadership Council
- Black Conservative Think Tank
- Black America's PAC
- Congress of Racial Equality
- American Civil Rights Institute
- New Coalition for Economic and Social Change
- National Black Republican Association