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C/2019 L3 (ATLAS)

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For other comets discovered by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System, see Comet ATLAS.

C/2019 L3 (ATLAS)
Discovery[1]
Discovery siteATLAS–HKO (T05)
Discovery date10 June 2019
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch10 October 2021 (JD 2459497.5)
Observation arc5.97 years
Number of
observations		6,499
Perihelion3.554 AU
Eccentricity1.00141
Inclination48.364°
290.79°
Argument of
periapsis		171.61°
Mean anomaly–0.007°
Last perihelion9 January 2022
TJupiter1.553
Earth MOID2.576 AU
Jupiter MOID1.654 AU
Physical characteristics[2]
Mean radius
7.9 km (4.9 mi)[3]
  • (B–V) = 0.75±0.06[5]
  • (V–R) = 1.04±0.09[5]
  • (R–I) = 0.21±0.05[5]
Comet total
magnitude (M1)		5.5
8.4
(2022 apparition)[4]

Comet ATLAS, provisional designation C/2019 L3, is a distant non-periodic comet that reached perihelion at a distance of 3.55 AU (531 million km) in January 2022. It is one of many comets discovered by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS).

Physical characteristics

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Narrowband observations conducted at the TRAPPIST-North survey in January 2022 revealed that C/2019 L3 appears to be a very dusty comet, with a high dust-to-gas ratio relative to other comets.[6] Data analysis in 2024 concluded that activity within the comet may have begun while it was at least 13 AU (1.9 billion km) from the Sun, indicating the possibility that the comet could remain active until at least the second half of 2026.[3]

The nucleus of the comet is estimated to have a minimum radius of around 7.9 km (4.9 mi).[3]

References

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  1. ^ H. Sato; L. Buzzi; E. Bryssinck; et al. (June 2019). D. W. Green (ed.). "Comet C/2019 L3 (ATLAS)". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. 4644. Bibcode:2019CBET.4644....1S.
  2. ^ a b "C/2019 L3 (ATLAS) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
  3. ^ a b c A. S. Betzler (2024). "A Study of the Comets with Large Perihelion Distances C/2019 L3 (ATLAS) and C/2019 O3 (Palomar)". Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 24 (9). Bibcode:2024RAA....24i5018B. doi:10.1088/1674-4527/ad7079.
  4. ^ "Observation list for C/2019 L3". COBS – Comet OBServation database. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
  5. ^ a b c S. Sun; J. Chi; Y. Ma; H. Zhao (2024). "Distant activity of long-period comets C/2019 L3 (ATLAS) and C/2020 P3 (ATLAS)" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529 (2): 1617–1625. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae577.
  6. ^ E. Jehin; Y. Moulane; J. Manfroid; et al. (27 January 2022). "TRAPPIST comet production rates: 19P/Borrelly, 67P/C-G, 104P/Kowal 2, C/2019 L3 (ATLAS), and C/2021 A1 (Leonard)". The Astronomer's Telegram. 15186: 1. Bibcode:2022ATel15186....1J.
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