🇮🇷 Iran Proxy | https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_Kamel_of_Egypt
Jump to content

Hussein Kamel of Egypt

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hussein Kamel
حسين كامل
Portrait by Charles Chusseau-Flaviens
Sultan of Egypt
Reign19 December 1914 – 9 October 1917
PredecessorAbbas Hilmi II (as Khedive of Egypt)
SuccessorFuad I
Prime MinisterHussein Roshdy Pasha
Born(1853-11-21)21 November 1853
Cairo, Egypt Eyalet, Ottoman Empire
Died9 October 1917(1917-10-09) (aged 63)
Cairo, Sultanate of Egypt
Burial
Al-Rifa'i Mosque, Cairo, Egypt
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1873, divorced)​
​
​
(m. 1887)​
IssuePrince Kamal el Dine Hussein
Princess Kazima Hussein
Princess Kamila Hussein
Prince Ahmed Kazim Hussein
Princess Kadria Hussein
Princess Samiha Hussein
Princess Badia Hussein
HouseAlawiyya
FatherIsma'il I of Egypt
MotherNur Felek Qadin

Hussein Kamel (Arabic: حسين كامل; 21 November 1853 – 9 October 1917) was the Sultan of Egypt from 19 December 1914 to 9 October 1917, during the British protectorate over Egypt. He was the first person to hold the title of Sultan of Egypt since the killing of Sultan Tuman II by the Ottomans in 1517 following their conquest of Egypt.

Life

[edit]

Hussein Kamel was the second son of Khedive Ismail Pasha, who ruled Egypt from 1863 to 1879. He was declared Sultan of Egypt on 19 December 1914, after the occupying British forces had deposed his nephew, Khedive Abbas Hilmi II, on 5 November 1914. Though presented as the re-establishment of the pre-Ottoman Egyptian sultanate, the newly created Sultanate of Egypt was to be a British protectorate, with effective political and military power vested in British officials. This brought to an end the de jure Ottoman sovereignty over Egypt, which had been largely nominal since Muhammad Ali's seizure of power in 1805.

In 1915, Kamel was the target of two assassination attempts. The first occurred on 9 April 1915, when an assassin targeted the Sultan's carriage while in Cairo. A second attempt was made exactly 3 months later, on 9 July 1915, when a bomb was thrown at Hussein Kamel's carriage as he travelled to a mosque for Friday prayers.[1]

Tomb of Sultan Hussein Kamel at the Al-Rifa'i Mosque in Cairo

Upon Hussein Kamel's death, his only son, Prince Kamal el Dine Hussein, declined the succession, and Hussein Kamel's brother Ahmed Fuad ascended the throne as Fuad I. At the beginning of Naguib Mahfouz's novel Palace Walk, Ahmad Abd al-Jawwad says "What a fine man Prince Kamal al-Din Husayn is! Do you know what he did? He refused to ascend the throne of his late father so long as the British are in charge."[2]

Stereoscope photographs of the coronation and burial processions of Sultan Hussein are available on the Rare Books and Special Collections Digital Library of the American University in Cairo.

Honours

[edit]
Silver coin: 20 qirsh of Sultanate of Egypt minted during the reign of Hussein Kamel - 1916 struck at Bombay Mint
Domestic[citation needed]
Foreign[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Anderson, Kyle (25 June 2018). "Ḥusayn Kāmil, Sultan of Egypt". 1914–1918 Online. Retrieved 28 August 2025.
  2. ^ Naguib Mahfouz, Palace Walk (Anchor Books, 1991), p. 12
  3. ^ "Ritter-Orden: Kaiserlich-österreichischer Franz Joseph-orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, 1913, p. 174, retrieved 9 February 2021
  4. ^ "Kungl. Svenska Riddareordnarna", Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1915, p. 674, retrieved 10 February 2021 – via runeberg.org
  5. ^ "No. 29021". The London Gazette. 29 December 1914. p. 11132.
[edit]
  • Media related to Hussein Kamel of Egypt at Wikimedia Commons
  • Stereoscopes of Hussein Kamel's coronation and burial processions
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hussein_Kamel_of_Egypt&oldid=1310884339"