Xavier Ehrenbert Fridelli
Xavier Ehrenbert Fridelli (11 March 1673 – 4 June 1743) was an Austrian Jesuit missionary and cartographer in China.[1]
Life
[edit]Born in Linz, Austria, Fridelli entered the Society of Jesus in 1688 and in 1705 arrived in China.[2] Fridelli was an important contributor to the cartographical survey of the Chinese empire, begun in 1708 and completed in 1718 (according to others, 1715).[3]
Baron Richthofen says this is "the most comprehensive cartographic feat ever performed in so short a space of time".[4] Together with Jean-Baptiste Régis, Pierre Jartoux, and others, he designed the maps of Zhili, the Amur district, Khalkas (Mongolia), Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Huguang (Hunan and Hubei), for which purpose the traversed the whole empire from south to north.[5]
At the time of his death, Fridelli had been rector for many years of the Southern or Portuguese church (Nantang), one of the four Jesuit churches at Beijing, where he died. He was buried in the Jesuits' Zhalan Cemetery in Beijing.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ Xue, Zhang (11 December 2019). "Imperial Maps of Xinjiang and Their Readers in Qing China, 1660–1860". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved November 20, 2025.
- ^ "Xaver-Ehrenbert Fridelli, Jesuit missionary in China". Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity. Retrieved November 20, 2025.
- ^ "Jean-Baptiste Régis". Christian Classic and Ethereal Library. Retrieved November 20, 2025.
- ^ (China, Berlin, 1877, I, 661, see 631 sq.)
- ^ Batchelor, Robert (February 2019). "Historiography of Jesuit Cartography". Brill. Jesuit Historiography Online. Retrieved November 20, 2025.
- ^ "Cemetery of Matteo Ricci: Name List of Western Missionaries whose Tombstones are in Zhalan Cemetery Now". Beijing Administrative Institute. 24 March 2006. Retrieved December 3, 2025.
- Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Xavier Ehrenbert Fridelli". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. The entry cites:
- Five letters in N. Welt-Bott (Augsbirg, 1726, and Vienna, 1758), nos. 103, 106, 194, 589, 674;
- MSS report in the Vienna state library, no, 1117;
- Jean-Baptiste Du Halde, Description de l'Empire de la Chine (the Hague, 1736), I, preface, p. xxxviii;
- Anton Huonder, Deutsche Jesuitenmissionäre (Freiburg im Br., 1899), 87, 186
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