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Armenia Portal
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Բարի գալուստ Հայաստանի պորտալ!
Location of Armenia

Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south. Yerevan is the capital, largest city and financial center.

The Armenian highlands have been home to the Hayasa-Azzi, Shupria, and Nairi peoples. By at least 600 BC, an archaic form of Proto-Armenian, an Indo-European language, had diffused into the Armenian highlands. The first Armenian state of Urartu was established in 860 BC, and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. The Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great in the 1st century BC and in AD 301 became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. Armenia still recognises the Armenian Apostolic Church, the world's oldest national church, as the country's primary religious establishment. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century. Under the Bagratuni dynasty, the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia was restored in the 9th century before falling in 1045. Cilician Armenia, an Armenian principality and later a kingdom, was located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea between the 11th and 14th centuries.

Between the 16th and 19th centuries, the traditional Armenian homeland composed of Eastern Armenia and Western Armenia came under the rule of the Ottoman and Persian empires, repeatedly ruled by either of the two over the centuries. By the 19th century, Eastern Armenia had been conquered by the Russian Empire while most of Western Armenia remained under Ottoman rule. During World War I up to 1.5 million Armenians were systematically exterminated in the Armenian genocide. Following the Russian Revolution, the First Republic of Armenia declared independence in 1918. By 1920, the state was incorporated into the Soviet Union as the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Today's Republic of Armenia became independent in 1991 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union. (Full article...)

Selected article

 The Constitution of the Republic of Armenia was adopted by a nationwide Armenian referendum on July 5, 1995. This constitution established Armenia as a democratic, sovereign, social, and constitutional state. Yerevan is defined as the state's capital. Power is vested in its citizens, who exercise it directly through the election of government representatives.  Decisions related to changes in constitutional status or to an alteration of borders are subject to a vote of the citizens of Armenia exercised in a referendum.  There are 117 articles in the 1995 constitution.  On November 27, 2005, a nationwide constitutional referendum was held and an amended constitution was adopted. The constitution was amended again in a national referendum on December 6, 2015 that changed the political structure from a semi-presidential system to a parliamentary republic.

According to the November 2005 Constitution, the president of the Republic appoints the prime minister based on the distribution of the seats in the National Assembly and consultations with the parliamentary factions. The President also appoints (or dismisses from office) the members of the Government upon the recommendation of the Prime Minister. Given the constitutional powers of the president, Armenia can be regarded as a semi-presidential republic. (Full article...)

Selected biography

Self-portrait, 1874, oil on canvas, 70.5 cm × 62.5 cm (27.8 in × 24.6 in), Uffizi, Florence (not in exhibition)

Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (Russian: Иван Константинович Айвазовский; 29 July [O.S. 17 July] 1817 – 2 May [O.S. 19 April] 1900) was a Russian Romantic painter who is considered one of the greatest masters of marine art. Baptized as Hovhannes Aivazian, he was born to Armenian parents in the Black Sea port of Feodosia in Crimea and was mostly based there.

Following his education at the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg, Aivazovsky traveled to Europe and lived briefly in Italy in the early 1840s. He then returned to Russia and was appointed the main painter of the Russian Navy. Aivazovsky had close ties with the military and political elite of the Russian Empire and often attended military maneuvers. He was sponsored by the state and was well-regarded during his lifetime. The saying "worthy of Aivazovsky's brush", popularized by Anton Chekhov, was used in Russia for describing something lovely. He remains highly popular in Russia in the 21st century. (Full article...)

General images

The following are images from various Armenia-related articles on Wikipedia.
  • Window tympanum of the Gavit
    Window tympanum of the Gavit. Interpretation is unclear: God the Father with the head of John the Baptist, Jesus or Adam in his hand and Jesus on the Cross (from Noravank)
  • Image 2The monastery in the early 20th century (from Noravank)
    The monastery in the early 20th century (from Noravank)
  • Image 3Tatev Monastery (from Tatev Monastery)
    Tatev Monastery (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 4Noravank horseman hunting a lion, late 13th to early 14th century (from Noravank)
    Noravank horseman hunting a lion, late 13th to early 14th century (from Noravank)
  • Image 5The façade of Surb Karapet Church with a depiction of God the Father (upper relief) (from Noravank)
    The façade of Surb Karapet Church with a depiction of God the Father (upper relief) (from Noravank)
  • Image 6View of the interior (from Noravank)
    View of the interior (from Noravank)
  • Image 7Muqarna Vault of the First church in the rock, 13th century. (from Geghard)
    Muqarna Vault of the First church in the rock, 13th century. (from Geghard)
  • Image 8Broken khachkar to the left of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
    Broken khachkar to the left of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
  • Image 9Surb Karapet (St. John the Baptist) Church (from Noravank)
    Surb Karapet (St. John the Baptist) Church (from Noravank)
  • Image 10Ornament on the ceiling of the Saint Grigor chapel made with the Vordan Karmir (Cochineal Red) pigment (from Noravank)
    Ornament on the ceiling of the Saint Grigor chapel made with the Vordan Karmir (Cochineal Red) pigment (from Noravank)
  • Image 11Tatev Monastery pillar (from Tatev Monastery)
    Tatev Monastery pillar (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 12Cupola on arches. Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard)
    Cupola on arches. Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard)
  • Image 13Photo by Alexander Roinashvili c. 1880. (from Tatev Monastery)
    Photo by Alexander Roinashvili c. 1880. (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 14Noravank khachkars (from Noravank)
    Noravank khachkars (from Noravank)
  • Image 15The southern entrance of Surb Karapet church (from Noravank)
    The southern entrance of Surb Karapet church (from Noravank)
  • Image 16Swinging Column in 1839 (from Tatev Monastery)
    Swinging Column in 1839 (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 17An illustration of the monastery from 1881. (from Tatev Monastery)
    An illustration of the monastery from 1881. (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 18Mausoleum of Prince Prosh Khaghbakian (1283). The tombs are behind the twin arches. The entrance to the Proshyan chapel is to the right. (from Geghard)
    Mausoleum of Prince Prosh Khaghbakian (1283). The tombs are behind the twin arches. The entrance to the Proshyan chapel is to the right. (from Geghard)
  • Image 19Geghard in the snow (from Geghard)
    Geghard in the snow (from Geghard)
  • Image 20Façade of Surb Astvatsatsin Church (from Noravank)
    Façade of Surb Astvatsatsin Church (from Noravank)
  • Image 21The Upper Zhamatun (1288), tomb of Papak Proshyan and his wife Ruzukana (from Geghard)
    The Upper Zhamatun (1288), tomb of Papak Proshyan and his wife Ruzukana (from Geghard)
  • Image 22The hole (from Noravank)
    The hole (from Noravank)
  • Image 23The main church, or "Kathogike" (from Geghard)
    The main church, or "Kathogike" (from Geghard)
  • Image 24Plan of Saints Paul and Peter Church (from Tatev Monastery)
    Plan of Saints Paul and Peter Church (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 25Ceiling and Muqarna vault of the gavit. (from Geghard)
    Ceiling and Muqarna vault of the gavit. (from Geghard)
  • Image 26The first rock-cut church, Zakarid period, circa 1240. (from Geghard)
    The first rock-cut church, Zakarid period, circa 1240. (from Geghard)
  • Image 27Cross decoration on the walls of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
    Cross decoration on the walls of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
  • Image 28Swinging Column in Tatev (from Tatev Monastery)
    Swinging Column in Tatev (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 29Noravank (from Noravank)
    Noravank (from Noravank)
  • Image 30The "Chapel of the Proshyans" in Rock-This is the rock-cut church past the zhamatun. It was dedicated by Prince Prosh in 1283. (from Geghard)
    The "Chapel of the Proshyans" in Rock-This is the rock-cut church past the zhamatun. It was dedicated by Prince Prosh in 1283. (from Geghard)
  • Image 31Cupola on arches. Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard)
    Cupola on arches. Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard)
  • Image 32Tatev Monastery (from Tatev Monastery)
    Tatev Monastery (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 33Column, tomb of Papak Proshyan, 1288. (from Geghard)
    Column, tomb of Papak Proshyan, 1288. (from Geghard)
  • Image 34Khachkars inset in rock outcropping (from Geghard)
    Khachkars inset in rock outcropping (from Geghard)
  • Image 35Column from the gavit (from Geghard)
    Column from the gavit (from Geghard)
  • Image 36Engraved crosses on the cave church wall in the Geghard Monastery. (from Geghard)
    Engraved crosses on the cave church wall in the Geghard Monastery. (from Geghard)
  • Image 37The entrance of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
    The entrance of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
  • Image 38The Church of Saints Paul and Peter at sunset (from Tatev Monastery)
    The Church of Saints Paul and Peter at sunset (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 39A detail of the Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
    A detail of the Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
  • Image 40Carved tombstones of Smbat and Elikum III Orbelian, inside the chapel of Surb Grigor (from Noravank)
    Carved tombstones of Smbat and Elikum III Orbelian, inside the chapel of Surb Grigor (from Noravank)
  • Image 41Plan of Geghard, with identification of the main structures. (from Geghard)
    Plan of Geghard, with identification of the main structures. (from Geghard)
  • Image 42Panorama of Noravank monastery and Amaghu valley (from Noravank)
    Panorama of Noravank monastery and Amaghu valley (from Noravank)
  • Image 43Approach to the monastery (from Noravank)
    Approach to the monastery (from Noravank)
  • Image 4417th-century service buildings (foreground) (from Geghard)
    17th-century service buildings (foreground) (from Geghard)
  • Image 45View of the monastery and surroundings, 2025 (from Tatev Monastery)
    View of the monastery and surroundings, 2025 (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 46The back of the Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
    The back of the Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank)
  • Image 47Grave of Elikum III Orbelian, son of Prince Tarsaich Orbelian (from Noravank)
    Grave of Elikum III Orbelian, son of Prince Tarsaich Orbelian (from Noravank)
  • Image 48St. Gregory the Illuminator's Church (from Tatev Monastery)
    St. Gregory the Illuminator's Church (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 49Emblem of the Proshyan family. (from Geghard)
    Emblem of the Proshyan family. (from Geghard)
  • Image 50Rock-cut chamber: tomb of Prosh Khaghbakian (1283). (from Geghard)
    Rock-cut chamber: tomb of Prosh Khaghbakian (1283). (from Geghard)
  • Image 51Surb Astvatsatsin Church of Noravank (from Noravank)
    Surb Astvatsatsin Church of Noravank (from Noravank)
  • Image 52Arched entrance to the caves adjacent to the monastery. (from Geghard)
    Arched entrance to the caves adjacent to the monastery. (from Geghard)
  • Image 53Aerial view (from Noravank)
    Aerial view (from Noravank)
  • Image 54The museum (from Noravank)
    The museum (from Noravank)
  • Image 55Geghard gavit (from Geghard)
    Geghard gavit (from Geghard)
  • Image 56The monastery c. 1920 (from Tatev Monastery)
    The monastery c. 1920 (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 57Bas-relief (from Noravank)
    Bas-relief (from Noravank)
  • Image 58Entrance to the Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard)
    Entrance to the Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard)
  • Image 59Holy Mother of God Church (from Tatev Monastery)
    Holy Mother of God Church (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 60Boundary agreement between the villages Khut, Shinhar and Halizur (Halidzor) owned by the Tatev Monastery. Persian manuscript, dated 13 November 1400 (from Tatev Monastery)
    Boundary agreement between the villages Khut, Shinhar and Halizur (Halidzor) owned by the Tatev Monastery. Persian manuscript, dated 13 November 1400 (from Tatev Monastery)
  • Image 61Plan of Noravank (from Noravank)
    Plan of Noravank (from Noravank)

Selected picture

  • Image 1Armenian National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet
    Armenian National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet
  • Image 2Noravank Monastery
    Noravank Monastery

Did you know (auto-generated)

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Religions in Armenia

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